Investors like to think they’re prepared for market swings. In reality, most aren’t. Every downturn feels unique, even though history keeps telling the same story: markets fall, recover, and move on. The real issue isn’t volatility itself, but how investors respond to it.
A recent note from Janus Henderson leans on this familiar argument. Stay invested. Diversify. Don’t panic. None of this is new. But repetition doesn’t make it wrong.
“Markets rise and fall, often without warning, and those swings can feel unsettling – even though they’re perfectly normal. Every downturn can feel like this time is different, but history reminds us that, despite inevitable dips, markets have grown over time,” says Matthew Bullock, EMEA Head of Portfolio Construction and Strategy.
That’s easy to accept in hindsight. Less so when portfolios are down double digits.
Corrections and bear markets aren’t rare events. They’re routine. Since 1928, markets have dropped 10% or more dozens of times. Deeper declines happen regularly enough that anyone investing for five years is likely to experience at least one. Yet investors continue to treat each downturn as a signal to act.
That instinct is costly.
Mario Aguilar De Irmay, Senior Portfolio Strategist, puts it bluntly: “Investors naturally look for signs of recession amid periods of volatility, but it’s important to remember that the markets are not the economy. Rather, they are forward-looking pricing mechanisms, which means they often bottom during recessions – not after. That’s why attempting to time investment decisions around market dips can lead to missing out on the recovery.”
This is where theory and behavior diverge. Investors know timing the market is difficult. They try anyway.
The idea of diversification is often presented as a solution, but it’s more of a trade-off. Defensive sectors tend to hold up better when markets fall. Cyclical sectors often lead when they recover. Smaller companies fall harder, then rebound faster. Bonds may cushion declines, but they’re not immune to losses either.
In other words, diversification doesn’t eliminate risk. It redistributes it.
Even within fixed income, the pattern repeats. Higher-quality bonds offer stability during sell-offs. Riskier credit tends to perform later, when confidence returns. This isn’t a strategy as much as it is a cycle investors have to endure.
“During the sell-off phase, government bonds and higher-quality credit tend to offer the most protection. But as the cycle turns, riskier segments like corporate credit often lead the way, alongside equities,” says De Irmay. “Managing through volatility with a clear framework can improve outcomes – but perhaps more importantly, it can help investors stay invested.”
That last point matters more than anything else.
Because the biggest risk isn’t the downturn. It’s missing what comes after.
Bull markets tend to last longer than bear markets. Gains, over time, outweigh losses. But those gains are uneven and often arrive when sentiment is still negative. Investors who exit during declines rarely re-enter at the right moment.
The advice to “stay invested” can sound passive, even naive. But in many cases, doing nothing is the harder and more rational decision.
“Often the best course of action is to work with a qualified professional investor and trust in the long-term strategy that has been carefully mapped out based on thorough research and planning. Sticking to a well-considered financial plan can sometimes mean resisting the urge to make unnecessary moves, understanding that inactivity can be a strategic decision in pursuit of achieving one’s investment goals,” Bullock concludes.
That may be the most uncomfortable truth in investing: success often depends less on insight and more on restraint.
And restraint is in short supply when markets start to fall.
